Autopsy and Case Reports
https://autopsyandcasereports.org/article/doi/10.4322/acr.2024.493
Autopsy and Case Reports
Clinical Case Report

A great simulator in clinical practice: mononeuritis multiplex in HIV infection

José Pedro Soares Baima; Beatriz Carneiro Gondim Silva; Vanessa Lopes Vieira; Luiz Pedro Meireles; Milton Hideaki Arai; Angelina Maria Martins Lino

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Abstract

HIV infection is a chameleon, mimicking several diseases. Herein, we report a previously healthy 39-year-old woman who, over 2 months, developed arthritis, weight loss, and confluent multiple mononeuropathy. Extensive laboratory investigation showed positive serology for HIV, with a CD4 count of 100 cells, and necrotizing vasculitis on a nerve biopsy not associated with CMV co-infection, allowing the diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa-like vasculitis in an HIV-infected patient. Apart from the infection, HIV-related autoimmunity can affect any organ and contribute to the complexity of the clinical presentation of HIV infection.

Keywords

Biopsy, HIV, Mononeuropathies, Vasculitis

References

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Submitted date:
08/05/2023

Accepted date:
04/21/2024

Publication date:
06/14/2024

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